Pile and method of sinking same.



E. F. ESTES. Pm; Mm METHOD or SINKING SAME. APPLICATION FILED FEB. H). 1915- El, o Patented. Nov 27,1917.

A TTOR/UEVS ELMER FORREST ESTES, 0F LINCOLN, NEBRASKA.

PJIrE AND METHOD OESINKIN G SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented am. 2'7, lair.

Application filed February 10, 1915. Serial No. 7,273.

To all whom it may concern:

.Be it known that 1, Emma F. Es'rns, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Lincoln, in the county of Lancaster and State of Nebraska, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Piles and Methods of Smking-Same, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in piles and piling systems and also to a method of sinking the same and like objects and has for an object to utilize the hydraulic jet sys tem in connection with piles and sinking them by an up and down motion of the same; another object is to provide a simple convenient and efficient method of sinking such piles and the like.

My invention is particularly adapted to assist in sinking concrete or other cement piles or piling and in carrying my invention into effect I embody the well-known principle that a jet of water easily displaces earth in its various forms; and I provide a specially formed pile and means for excavating under and around the pile and to maintain a sup ply of water all around the pile at the same time and to prevent the earth from settling about the pile and holding it as against descent which is intermittently and periodically given to the pile as one of the steps of my method.

In the known systems of jet piling, pile jetting, or jetting piles, wherein a jet of water is delivered below a pile, post or similar object to loosen-the earth, the purpose is only partially accomplished; the pile as it is driven-has a tremendous side resistance and renders the process of sinking piles very slow and unsatisfactory. To obviate this I propose to use a central jet at the lower end of a pile in combination with the specially formed lower end thereof to excavate, the force of the jet mixing earth and water into a very thin mud and throwing such mixture in an oblique direction outwardly and upwardly and channeling on all sides of the pile, the pile during such treatment being given a reciprocal up and down or ig motion, the throwing of the mixture being accomplished by the sudden dropping of the pile to nearly the bottom of the excavatlon made by the jet, producing by such throwing, channels of water upward along all sides of pile.

To accomplish these and other objects my invention consists'in the peculiar construction, arrangement and combination of parts of a pile; and the method of sinking the same, reference being had to the accompanymg drawings in which,

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a pile and rig to assist in sinking the same,

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of concrete pile embodying my improvements,

Fig; 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the lower end of the same on line 33 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4. is a horizontal section on line H of Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the rig for securing the jet pipe to the pile and a portion of the jet pipe,

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view of a modification,

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective view of a modified form of nose for a pile,

Fig. 8 is a similar view of another form.

To carry out my improvement, I may use a solid concrete or a wooden pile 10 which may be of any suitable shape in cross section and provide it with an inverted or frusto-pyramid shaped head or nose 11; the slant of. the face of which will usually be about 45 in each face of the slanting taper a groove 12 is made which begins in the middle of each lower inclined face of the taper and extends up the vertical sides of the pile a suitable distance depending on the size. of the pile; the formation of these grooves creates channels that slant outwardly and upwardly at a sharp angle, say 15 from the perpendicular; at the lower ends of the vertical sides of the pile and on each side of the gr0oves'12 are the projecting knobs 13 which are for the purpose of abrading theearth bore around the pile and make room for the corners as the up and down motion of the pile takes place.

To insure delivery of the jet of water at the lower end of the pile and centrally, I have devised a rig for application to the pilewhich consists of a rod 14 on one side of the pile which passes through a yoke 15 resting on a fulcrum 16 placed on the top of the pile; atthe opposite end ofthe yoke the jet pipe 17 is secured being connected to a hose 18 which is connected up to a suitable pressure water supply; the jet pipe 17 extends downwardly along one side. of the pile and has a 45 L 19so thatit may lie in one of the grooves 12 and extends below the lower end of the pile and is then provided with another 15 L as at 20. To hold the lower end of the pipe 17 in place,'the rod which is seated the straight lower and enlarged end 20 of the jet pipe; by tightening thenut 22 on the threaded upper end of the rod lithe yoke 15 acts as a lever with 16 as a fulcrum and draws the parts of the ri into close contact with the pile and holds the same there while in use.

In Fig. 6 I have shown a modified form of pile in which the grooves 12. are disposed at theangular corners of the pile 10 and with this form the water pipe 17 maybe placed at thecorner.

In using my improvements, the pile. is to be sunk with one central jet in conjunce tionwith. an up and down or jig motion of the pile,t'hrough the agency of a supporting the earth andwater into a very thin,

ing derrick or crane, the purpose being to excavate under. the pile and to maintain a supply of water and new mixture all around the pile at the same time and to prevent the earth from settling about the. pile and holding it against descent. Theparts being as in the position shown in Fig. 2 a stream of water is forced through the pipe 17 and issues as a jet at12Othe force of the jet mixmud and this mixture is thrown in aslanting direction outwardly and upwardly through the grooves 12 and 12 on all sides of the pile this is done byholding the pile vertical by suitable mechanism and first projecting the jet downward centrally. to excavate an opening in the earth; then lowering pile, continuing the jet until the nozzle 2O nearly touches the bottom; then elevating the pile afew feet asaindicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2 and again lowering suddenly, and continuing this operation untilsuflicient depth has been attained; during this operation the slanting grooves 12 cause the water and mixture to be thrown sidewise outwardly and upwardly washing the sides of the bore or'opening in the earth thus producing a number of channels all around the pile and creating upward currents, so that the pile can be quickly and rapidity of the descending pile; the downward jet is at'tlie same time churning the Water and detached earth into thin. mud,

andat each successive descent of the pile;

' and the mixture cannot return during the and secured to the. lower end of the pile by bolts 25 ,as'shown in Fig. 3; or,,I may inclose the end with an inverted frusto-pyrar mid or; fru'sto-cone shaped acket provided with the necessary grooves and suitably secured to the pile body portion ;Tto sink wood piles such a metal jacket might be used, and i a weight placed on the top would be sutficient .to sink them without resorting ma hammer or pile driver.

a The pile may also be made round or other shape so longas the ,end is tapered and shaped in accordance withmy invention and provided with slanting grooves to throw 'the waterand mud mixture outwardly and upw i-rdly against the bore on all sides ofthe p1e., .7

To remove the rig and jet pipe the upper end of rod .1 1 is released from theyokel5 so that the eye 12 at the lower end may be dropped below,- the end of the" jet pipe whereupon all the parts, become'fsepara'ted and may be withdrawn from the space surrounding the piles. Other means of securing the jet pipe may be used as found desirable and expedient. r j f In Fig. .7 I have shown-the nosegendgof the pile with an enlargement of greater diameter than the body of the pile, which aids in opening'up'the-bore; this form is also provided with the slantinggrooves 12".

- In Fig. 8 is shown a round pile the lower or nose. end 11 of which isffrustocone shaped and provided with slanting grooves or channels 12,

My invention is designed. to utilize natures channeling tendency, by furnishinga plurality of exits or openingsfor exits and forcing a mixture of earth and water through those eXits,;in'stead;of permitting all the mixture to pass up in one channel.

I claim.

1. The herein described method" of sinking piles by an intermittent up and down movement thereof consisting in forcing an exteriorstream ,of water centrally'dowm ward from the lowerend ofthe pile forming a mud mixture and then causing thedefiection of said mixtureoutwardlyand upwardly aroundthe pile on all sides thereof.

2. The herein described method of sinking piles consisting in inserting apile in a bore, imparting an intermittent up and down motion to the same, continuously projecting a jet of water centrally downward from the lower end of the pile during said up and down motion forming a mud mixture and causing the deflection outwardly and upwardly of said mixture on all sides of the pile.

3. The combination with a. pile to be sunk in the earth said pile having obliquely dis posed grooves at its lower end, of a water jet pipe held in one of said grooves and projecting downward centrally from the pile, a nozzle at the lower end of the pipe, a rod disposed along the opposite side of the pile and means carried by the rod for engaging 'the pipe and supporting the pipe at its lower end, and means for clamping the water pipe and rod to the pile.

The combination with a pile to be sunk in the earth, said pile having a tapering lower end, grooves in each slanting face of the same, said grooves extending above the base line of the taper and into the body of the pile, the direction of the grooves being obliquely upward, a water discharge pipe disposed alongside of the pile, a nozzle at the lower end of the pipe projecting axially downward below the pile, of means extend ing down the diametrically opposite side of the pile and bent to lie within a groove, means at the lower end of the aforesaid means to receive and center the nozzle of the water pipe and a yoke at the top of the pile to clamp the pipe and first mentioned means to the pile.

5. A pile comprising a body portion, a tapered lower end and knobs projecting from each face of the body at the corners thereof adjacent the tapered lower end.

6. The combination with a pile to be sunk in the earth, the nose or lower end of the pile having the form of a cone frustum or an inverted pyramid, channels lying partly in the slanting faces of the nose and partly in the body of the pile, of a water discharge pipe disposed along one side of the pile and lying in one of the grooves, a jet nozzle projecting downwardly from said pipe at the apex of the pyramid or cone frustum, a rod or bar disposed diametrically opposite the water pipe and having an eye or opening at its lower end to receive and center the jet nozzle, a yoke at the upper end of the pile and embracing the upper ends of the rod and pipe and clamping the same to the pile and a water supply member coupled to the upper end of the pipe.

7. A pile of the character described co1nprising a body portion and diametrically opposite vertically disposed grooves at the along the opposite side of the pile, and

means carried by the rod for engaging the pipe and supporting the same at its lower end, and means for clamping the water pipe and rod to the pile.

ELMER FORREST ESTES. Witnesses ALLE IcKEs, FRANK on BRO N.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, I). 0. 

